Follow these 10 measures to protect capsicum crop from bacterial wilt

Capsicum Cultivation: A major issue with capsicum is bacterial wilt disease, which is brought on by the Ralstonia solanacearum bacterium. This disease causes abrupt wilting and drying of capsicum plants by affecting their aerating tissues. Via contaminated seeds, water, and soil, the bacteria spread quickly. It has the effect of stunting plant growth and causing premature plant death. For this condition to be controlled, the integrated disease management (IPM) approach is crucial. From the beginning of bacterial infection to its prevention, chemical therapy, biological management, and appropriate agricultural practices.

Disease Identification and Symptoms

The leaves stay green, but they abruptly droop. When the stem is sliced, a white, watery bacterial discharge is seen. Infected plants have rotting, black roots. For a long period, the bacteria in the soil stay dormant.

1. Rotation of Crops

Avoid growing capsicum beside crops like potatoes, brinjals, and tomatoes that serve as hosts for the bacterium. In crop rotation, choose non-host crops such as rice, millet, wheat, or maize. Stay away from host crops for two to three years.

2. Using Cultivars that are Resistant to Illness

Bacterial wilt may be controlled by planting capsicum cultivars that are tolerant or resistant to disease. Ask local agricultural institutions for information on resistant cultivars.

3. Sunlight Dehydration and Soil Maintenance

Improve the soil in afflicted regions by using solar dehydration. In the summer, cover the area with sheets of transparent polythene to raise the temperature of the soil and kill microorganisms. Keep the pH of your soil between 6.5 and 7.0.

4. Sanitation Protocols

Take sick plants out of the field and either burn them or bury them underground. Clean the used tools and equipment. Make sure the field is receiving clean water.

5. Management of Irrigation and Water

Steer clear of waterlogging and excessive irrigation. Stop water from moving from diseased to healthy plants. Install a drip irrigation system.

6. Control by Biology

The use of biological products, such as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens, which are naturally occurring antagonists of the illness, stops the germs from spreading.

7. Control of Chemicals

Utilize a solution of copper oxychloride (3 g per liter of water) and streptocycline (0.3 g per liter) to manage soil bacteria. appropriate antimicrobial agents for soil remediation.

8. Management of Crops

To make the plants more resilient, keep them nutrient-rich. Make use of organic manures and biofertilizers. Mulching infected regions might maintain the germs, so avoid doing so.

9. Support from Regional Agricultural Organizations

For better advice and help with illness management, get in touch with the Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) or research institution that is closest to you. Participate in training sessions and make use of the newest technology.

10. Consistent Observation and Prevention

To detect the illness early, the fields should be routinely monitored. At the nursery stage, prepare healthy seedlings.