Sesame cultivation is very beneficial for farmers, it gives huge profits in a short time

Sesame Cultivation: In India, one of the main oilseed crops planted for oil extraction during the Kharif season is sesame. Despite using less water and being inexpensive, this crop produces a decent yield. Oil, confections, and Ayurvedic medications all include sesame seeds. Farmers may find that growing it is a lucrative alternative. Will tell everything about the ideal climate, soil, seed selection and planting period for sesame cultivation.

Ideal Soil and Climate for Growing Sesame

• The ideal environment for sesame growth is said to be hot and dry.
• It needs a temperature of 25 to 35 degrees Celsius to flourish well.
• Light sandy loam or alluvial soil is ideal for its growth.
• Waterlogging may ruin a crop, so soil that drains well is ideal.

Time of Planting and Seed Selection

• There are several types of sesame, including TKG-306, TKG-55, Prabhat, Krishna, and others.
• When choosing seeds, utilize certified high-quality seeds.
• It is planted in Rabi from September to October and in Kharif from June to July.
• The ideal spacing between seeds is 25–30 cm, with a depth of 3–4 cm.

Management of Manure and Irrigation

• The sesame crop doesn’t need a lot of water.
• It takes two to three irrigations to keep the land wet.
• It is recommended to do the first watering 25–30 days after seeding and the second irrigation during blooming.
• Crop production may be increased by using organic manure in a balanced way, such as cow dung manure, vermicompost, and fertilizers that include nitrogen, phosphorous, and potash.

Control of Disease and Pests

• Sesame crops are susceptible to a wide range of pests and diseases, including leaf spot disease, whiteflies, and stem borers.
• Organic insecticides may be used to protect the crop.
• Disease prevention requires frequent field inspections and seed treatment.

Harvesting and Production

• The sesame crop takes 75 to 90 days to mature.
• When 70–80% of the pods turn yellow, it’s time to harvest.
• Sesame yields range from 5 to 7 quintals per hectare on average, but with proper care, they may reach 10 quintals.

Benefits of Growing Sesame

• Low Cost, Big Profit: Farming is less expensive since it requires less fertilizer and irrigation.
• Climate Suitability: Even in arid regions, this crop may provide a high yield since it is drought resistant.
• Demand in the Market: Products such as sesame oil are always in high demand.
• Enhances land fertility: Growing sesame maintains soil fertility and gets it ready for other crops.